00:00:01:01 - 00:00:15:18 Daniel Camera A is rolling. Camera B? Camera B rolling. Okay. Ashley, George, cradle board. Take one. 00:00:16:06 - 00:00:30:18 Rochanne Hi, Ash. So let's talk a little bit about the cradle board. Tell me a little bit about the basket that's next to you. Tell me a little bit about this basket. 00:00:34:04 - 00:00:36:09 George It's a girls basket cause its got diamonds on 00:00:39:02 - 00:00:39:11 George there. 00:00:42:08 - 00:01:00:15 George There’s a little strap on the back where you could carry, you could carry it. You could carry it or there’s a strap you put around your forehead and carry the baby on the back, on her back. 00:01:03:15 - 00:01:04:12 Rochanne What's it made of? 00:01:05:16 - 00:01:06:07 George Willow. 00:01:06:15 - 00:01:07:01 Rochanne Willow. 00:01:07:09 - 00:01:07:18 George Yeah. 00:01:08:21 - 00:01:11:06 Rochanne What about the frame? 00:01:11:06 - 00:01:11:21 George Willow. 00:01:11:22 - 00:01:12:08 Rochanne Willow? 00:01:12:15 - 00:01:15:17 George Yeah. 00:01:15:17 - 00:01:17:16 Rochanne And then the outside is what, buckskin? 00:01:18:11 - 00:01:28:17 George Sometimes the frame you make. You make it out of a stronger, stronger plant. 00:01:29:03 - 00:01:30:10 Rochanne Like choke cherry, maybe? 00:01:31:06 - 00:01:31:17 George Yeah, yeah. 00:01:33:05 - 00:01:35:00 Rochanne Choke cherry works pretty good sometimes. 00:01:35:07 - 00:01:39:15 George Yeah but the willow is for the insides. 00:01:40:11 - 00:01:54:08 Rochanne So you'd get the stronger or the thicker ones for the back, right? And then like smaller is the hood made out of smaller pieces of willow, or tell me a little bit about the difference. 00:01:56:07 - 00:02:00:10 George You use a stronger willow for the back part. 00:02:03:15 - 00:02:09:18 Rochanne And then tell me a little bit about, what is the design on the hood. Tell me what, what a design on the hood would mean. 00:02:09:23 - 00:02:20:00 George Oh, the design on the hood tells you the difference between a girls basket and a boys basket. 00:02:20:09 - 00:02:24:07 Rochanne Okay, so this one is a girls basket, correct? 00:02:24:10 - 00:02:37:22 George The girls basket is the one with the diamonds, and the boys basket is just slant all the way across. (Speaker 2 - Straight lines?) 00:02:40:14 - 00:02:44:03 Rochanne I know that, that’s an old basket. Did your mom make that basket? 00:02:45:19 - 00:02:48:08 George No, no. She repaired a lot of them. 00:02:48:12 - 00:03:02:13 Rochanne She repaired a lot of them. Because they stay pretty, the buckskin ones, they stay pretty warm in there. Would you wrap, what would  you wrap the the baby on to put them in there? So would they be wrapped like in a rabbit skin blanket or something? 00:03:03:05 - 00:03:19:15 George Yeah you, you would probably use a rabbit blanket. 00:03:20:07 - 00:03:23:08 Rochanne Did you used to make rabbit blankets or your family? 00:03:24:11 - 00:03:30:16 George I grew up in a rabbit blanket, and I remember they used to use it in the basket too. 00:03:33:07 - 00:03:34:17 Rochanne How do you make a rabbit blanket? 00:03:36:00 - 00:04:34:13 George You weave it. You get the rabbit during the wintertime or the fall when the fur’s thick. And then you cut it in little strips. You cut it in little strips and make it long. And then you twist it, you twist it. You have a little tool with a hook on the end, on a flat piece of board, and like a twirling thing. And you, you hook the rabbit fur on the end where the hook is and you twirl it. You twist the rabbit hide. 00:04:35:13 - 00:04:38:06 Rochanne Oh, that makes it thicker and like a cord. 00:04:39:07 - 00:05:00:01 George Like a cord, yeah. And then hang it up, you let it dry because it's all wet when you're doing all that. And then you string it up on the side of the houses to let it dry. Then after its all dry, then go ahead and make your blanket. 00:05:01:10 - 00:05:05:07 Rochanne And how do you, how do you make a blanket? What do you do? 00:05:06:06 - 00:05:19:21 George You make, you get a big, you get a big frame. All depends on how big you want to make it. Then you get like an square frame. 00:05:20:02 - 00:05:21:18 Rochanne Mm hmm. 00:05:22:07 - 00:05:36:04 George And you, you weave it up and down. Then you use, I don’t know, I forget what’s used to tie them together. 00:05:40:17 - 00:05:45:10 Rochanne Like a loom, then you tie the little pieces together then that's what makes it tighter. Hold together. 00:05:46:17 - 00:06:00:01 George They weave it with some kind of- I forget what it is, but it’s woven together. That blanket it's solid it’s woven together. 00:06:01:11 - 00:06:03:12 Rochanne So how many blankets would you need in the wintertime? 00:06:04:12 - 00:06:05:03 George Just one. 00:06:05:06 - 00:06:11:03 Rochanne Just one? That kept you warm just you didn't need multiple blankets? 00:06:11:03 - 00:06:14:23 George Kids always used it in summer. Summer or winter. 00:06:15:11 - 00:06:17:11 Rochanne Mm hmm 00:06:17:11 - 00:06:18:01 George They used it all the time. 00:06:18:20 - 00:06:19:19 Rochanne Because they're really warm. 00:06:20:07 - 00:06:21:18 George Yeah. 00:06:24:05 - 00:06:34:22 Rochanne What's the Paiute name for the basket next to you? Is it a Hoopu? 00:06:35:19 - 00:06:41:00 George Hoopu. Yeah. 00:06:41:00 - 00:06:46:11 Rochanne So, like a baby would be Wega? 00:06:46:11 - 00:06:47:12 George Wega is blanket. 00:06:47:18 - 00:06:53:06 Rochanne Wega blanket, okay blanket. What would be baby? 00:06:54:19 - 00:07:11:17 George Tooa’a. 00:07:11:17 - 00:07:12:00 Rochanne Um. 00:07:14:20 - 00:07:25:01 Rochanne So, like, when you guys would be out pine nut picking or whatever, you know, the women could still hold their babies using that cradle board. Put them on their back and still do all their work just like we would. 00:07:26:14 - 00:07:54:05 George You don't have to worry about the baby crawling around or something, when it was in the basket. They usually would just lay it up against a tree or something. I’m sure it don't fall over, that’s solid. That's how they could take a baby with them to get the pine nuts, but then the babies in the basket by itself. 00:07:54:22 - 00:07:58:04 Rochanne And it holds them tight so they feel like they're being held all the time. 00:07:58:04 - 00:07:59:21 George Yeah, they can’t move around or nothing. 00:08:01:00 - 00:08:30:06 Rochanne Mm hmm. Because you wrap them in tight and they all feel like they like they're being held. I remember my daughter in her basket, you know, she outgrew it and she still tried to climb in there. Even after she was too big because you feel like you're being held all the time. What else you guys want to talk about? 00:08:31:03 - 00:08:59:20 Daniel Is there any memories that your mom had when she was making baskets, or the process of basket making growing up? Any fond memories that you might have? 00:09:05:18 - 00:09:17:02 Rochanne She made baskets for, you know, all different types of things, right? Whatever she needed them. So would you guys go together and make them or would she make them for you guys or, how did you guys like a- 00:09:17:07 - 00:09:35:20 George Like I said they didn’t have dishes? So all those things were passed down from generation to generation. 00:09:38:08 - 00:09:47:16 Rochanne Like when she would make her baskets or like on the marsh, she would just go out and you would just pull everything and make it right there when you needed it, right? 00:09:47:21 - 00:09:50:18 George Yeah you just make them right there. 00:09:51:03 - 00:10:02:18 Rochanne Mm hmm. And then like her willow ones like when she was working on willow ones, would you guys be around or, you know, or she'd sit at around the fire or? 00:10:03:14 - 00:10:07:12 George There’s a certain time of year to get the willow. 00:10:07:22 - 00:10:08:05 Rochanne Mm hmm. 00:10:09:15 - 00:10:27:01 George And like I said you roll it up and let it dry. When you go to use you wet it sort of a little bit, and then you weave it. 00:10:27:01 - 00:10:37:19 Rochanne Would she weave a lot in like the wintertime when you couldn't be outside. Is that when she would do most make most of the baskets for the next year. When would she make her baskets? I know you gather in the- 00:10:39:11 - 00:10:55:12 George She’d make them, she’d usually make when she’s got time. You don't want to be making baskets when you're out harvesting the plant. That's after harvest. 00:10:55:12 - 00:10:59:21 Rochanne Would she do them a lot like in the wintertime when it was really cold or something in the house. 00:11:00:15 - 00:11:12:00 George Yeah, you’d sit around the fire, and then make your baskets. It was like a social thing. 00:11:12:00 - 00:11:15:20 Rochanne Would it be like her and her friends? 00:11:15:23 - 00:11:17:11 George People would get together. 00:11:17:20 - 00:11:18:03 Rochanne Mm hmm. 00:11:20:21 - 00:11:32:08 George Because sometimes, you know, some people don't have all the all of the stuff to make the baskets. So you kind of share everything. 00:11:33:02 - 00:11:33:10 Rochanne Mm hmm. 00:11:33:18 - 00:11:42:05 George Because that's how you survive. 00:11:42:05 - 00:11:47:22 Rochanne So would like all of the ladies get together or, uh. (George: Yeah, yeah.) 00:11:49:17 - 00:11:52:11 George You have to get together to the teach the younger people. 00:11:53:01 - 00:11:53:09 Rochanne Mm hmm. 00:11:53:21 - 00:12:05:18 George Otherwise, they won't know how to. If you don't teach them from the beginning they don’t know how to do survival work. 00:12:06:04 - 00:12:18:18 Rochanne Mm hmm. Would there be, like, how many like, how many ladies would be a whole group or just a small group or- 00:12:18:23 - 00:12:21:19 George A small family group, like her friends. 00:12:22:01 - 00:12:22:08 Rochanne Mm hmm. 00:12:24:05 - 00:12:29:16 George Or just like any other group where some people work together and some people don't. 00:12:29:22 - 00:12:31:15 Rochanne Mm hmm. 00:12:33:20 - 00:12:52:20 Daniel How was the way that your mother weaved baskets different from a lot of the craft baskets that we see today. Is it a different technique or do you know if it's a similar technique? 00:12:52:20 - 00:13:04:12 Rochanne So how people make like if you go by a basket in town. It's different than how like your mom would do. What would be the difference between when you bought in town and when like one was made at home? 00:13:05:16 - 00:13:13:06 George Oh, different people make, they got their own ideas how to make the shape of it. 00:13:13:16 - 00:13:30:18 Rochanne Mm hmm. Probably the sturdiness of the materials also, right? Probably the, the the materials is probably a lot stronger coming from, you know, ones you go gather versus ones you get at the store. 00:13:31:03 - 00:13:36:15 George Yeah. Well a long time ago everything was stronger. 00:13:37:00 - 00:13:37:04 Rochanne Mm hmm. 00:13:38:08 - 00:13:48:06 George Because you had more, the weather was different. But you always have to go somewhere where the plants are. 00:13:48:23 - 00:13:49:07 Rochanne Mm hmm. 00:13:50:02 - 00:13:51:15 George To get the plant. 00:13:56:00 - 00:13:58:16 Rochanne What kind of materials did they use, willow? 00:13:59:02 - 00:14:01:08 George Willow, yeah. Mostly willow. 00:14:01:10 - 00:14:15:09 Rochanne Mostly willow. What's the cane with the um, I seen your mom, she used to gather a lot of like, the cane in the marsh. What's that called? 00:14:15:09 - 00:14:17:00 George A sugar cane. 00:14:17:04 - 00:14:19:00 Rochanne Mm hmm. 00:14:19:00 - 00:14:24:18 George They make arrows out of those, some make arrows. 00:14:26:08 - 00:14:27:18 Rochanne Is that because it's really strong? 00:14:28:15 - 00:14:29:13 George Yeah. 00:14:34:17 - 00:14:39:22 Rochanne Did you ever make arrows? Did you make arrows out of that with your dad? (George: No, no.) 00:14:45:00 - 00:14:52:01 Rochanne What about some of the designs on the basket? Does everyone have their own design? Are they family designs or- (George: I think it...) 00:14:53:12 - 00:15:04:04 George All depends on the person. I mean, on the side, yeah. 00:15:04:04 - 00:15:05:19 Rochanne Even when they weave it in? 00:15:05:19 - 00:15:07:05 George Maybe it has a meaning, but I don’t know. 00:15:07:05 - 00:15:08:13 Rochanne Mm hmm. 00:15:11:02 - 00:15:12:18 Rochanne Just baskets used for different things. 00:15:12:18 - 00:15:14:13 George Or something to just to make it look better. 00:15:15:00 - 00:15:20:05 Rochanne Mm hmm. 00:15:20:05 - 00:15:23:07 George It’d look better if it had some kind of design on it. 00:15:26:21 - 00:15:27:20 Rochanne How do you waterproof? 00:15:27:20 - 00:15:31:20 George Some make more baskets to have more beads in them. 00:15:32:03 - 00:15:49:08 Rochanne Mm hmm. So those would be more for decoration than actual use. (George: Yeah mostly for decoration.) How do you waterproof something? A basket.? (George: Pardon?) How do you make a basket? Waterproof. 00:15:51:00 - 00:15:52:05 George Waterproof? (Speaker 1: Mm hmm) 00:15:53:21 - 00:15:58:15 Rochanne Like a water bottle. (George: Oh.) 00:16:01:05 - 00:16:01:20 Rochanne What do you cover- 00:16:01:20 - 00:16:36:15 George You weave, you weave the bottle, and then you put pine pitch on there. That seals, that seals the cracks and holes. And, it really tastes good when drink water out of a pine pitch bottle. Cause you can taste the pine. You can taste the pine. 00:16:37:21 - 00:16:44:06 Rochanne Really refreshes the water. (George: Yeah) I can tell you started licking your lips, thinking of those days. 00:16:44:16 - 00:16:47:18 George It's got its own flavor. You got the pine pitch in there. 00:16:48:00 - 00:16:49:15 Rochanne Mm hmm. 00:16:53:21 - 00:17:02:07 Rochanne Did you used to drink out of there a lot when you were younger? (George: Pardon?) Did you drink out of those, those water bottles when you were younger? 00:17:02:21 - 00:17:13:17 George Yeah. That sort of thing they used to carry water in. That’s the only thing they had to carry water in was those willow baskets. 00:17:13:17 - 00:17:15:19 Rochanne Where did you get drinking water in Stillwater? 00:17:16:23 - 00:17:20:06 George The springs. 00:17:20:06 - 00:17:24:06 Rochanne Is there a freshwater springs in the saltwater ones? You know how sometimes it's- 00:17:24:07 - 00:17:43:04 George Stillwater, they used to um, they used to dig their own wells a long time ago. There was no running water. 00:17:43:04 - 00:17:47:23 Rochanne Yeah, because I think about a lot of people come in, you know, unless you couldn't get to the river. 00:17:48:10 - 00:17:57:18 George People had their own wells. 00:17:58:14 - 00:18:17:08 Rochanne Do you remember your mom making baskets like growing up? (George: Pardon?) I said, do you remember, you know, different times your mom would make baskets. Did she? Any stories that she would tell you or anything? Or was that with the girls most of the time? 00:18:17:16 - 00:19:05:10 George No, you just, you just use observation. You know, you watch what they do. Sometimes they'll try to teach you. How to weave it and everything. But it's like anything else, some people are good at doing things and some people aren’t. Some people are good at doing other things. So that's why you put those things together. And then you have more variety. Cause some people are smarter than others, and they help one another. 00:19:05:21 - 00:19:07:19 Rochanne Mm hmm. 00:19:07:19 - 00:19:14:23 George It's all like teamwork to survive. It's a survival thing. 00:19:15:11 - 00:19:42:03 Rochanne Mm hmm. I noticed on some of the houses that you're, you know, even working with Miss Wee. Some of the demonstrations. She would make some of them out cattail but did you use willow with the huts and with the housing to? The willow shades and all those. Did you put those together too with your mom? 00:19:43:05 - 00:19:47:02 Rochanne (George: The, what is it? The big willow shades or the big willow huts or- 00:19:47:03 - 00:20:04:08 George Oh, yeah. Yeah. Well, you have to have shades in the winter. I mean not winter but summer, because it’s so hot. So you always build a shade out of willow. 00:20:06:18 - 00:20:09:03 Rochanne So you used willow pretty much all year round? 00:20:09:12 - 00:20:20:05 George Yeah. (Daniel: Can you describe what a willow shade is-) Cause you build big shades for gambling. So you could gamble underneath them. 00:20:20:21 - 00:20:24:15 Rochanne How would you put one together? How do you build a willow shade? 00:20:24:17 - 00:20:42:16 George You just weave it together. You get big poles and put them in the ground, and then you put bigger poles across. And then you just weave the smaller willows in there. 00:20:44:00 - 00:20:49:10 Rochanne Oh, so they like lay on top and you kind of just loosely weave them on there, so they don't fall through. 00:20:49:10 - 00:20:59:09 George No, you just throw them on top, on the top,. The willows. Just overlap them, so they just don’t blow away. 00:21:00:16 - 00:21:08:04 Rochanne Oh, okay. So use those in summer for hand games or- 00:21:09:10 - 00:21:15:03 George Yeah, they always have big shades for games like that. 00:21:16:04 - 00:21:17:03 Rochanne Did you ever play hand games? 00:21:17:03 - 00:21:28:15 George Sometimes, they put sides on there. Like for the North wind, to keep the North wind out. 00:21:30:18 - 00:21:35:01 Rochanne Did you ever, did you play hand games? 00:21:36:01 - 00:21:42:18 George A little bit, that’s the only. 00:21:45:07 - 00:21:45:20 George Um. 00:21:50:14 - 00:21:52:09 George Recreation I guess you call it. 00:21:52:19 - 00:21:53:01 Rochanne Mm hmm. 00:21:55:01 - 00:22:11:05 George On weekends people gamble, or they play cards or play hand games. Some make a contest out of it. Have a prize or something. 00:22:11:12 - 00:22:18:18 Rochanne Mm hmm. 00:22:18:18 - 00:22:22:14 Daniel We do have some footage to show to it will take a few minutes to set up. 00:22:22:17 - 00:22:23:11 Rochanne Yeah, let's, yeah- 00:22:24:12 - 00:22:25:13 Daniel You good for another quick little break? 00:22:25:16 - 00:22:33:12 Rochanne Yeah, okay. We'll take another break and then they're going to show you some of the - some of the other videos that they have. 00:22:34:01 - 00:22:34:15 George Okay